It is rare that a baby under one year already have cavities, but to prevent them we must begin to act even before the appearance of this disease.

What are the causes?
To see tooth must coexist several factors:

* Some bacteria (often considered an infectious disease).

* Presence of sugar in the mouth. Most foods contain different types of sugars or carbohydrates. For example, milk containing lactose or bread or cereals contain starch.

* The sugars and bacteria to coexist together in dental plaque for some time. Dental plaque is a thin layer composed of cells of the mouth and food debris, which are attached to the teeth, especially in the cracks between other teeth and gumline. That is where live bacteria that cause cavities.
The bacteria feed on sugars and produce acid substances as a waste that erode tooth enamel.

What are they like?
A caries begins as a mere speck in the tooth. At first, it appears that the enamel loses brightness and becomes more opaque. It soon becomes a small brown area where the enamel sinks.

The gap grows and deepens. You can destroy the entire visible portion of the tooth or it may be a small hole that penetrates to the root of the tooth.

Cavities start to hurt when they reach the pulp of the tooth, ie where the nervios.Subir

What do we do?
The first step is prevention from birth and before the baby teeth appear.

Small cavities in baby teeth can be covered with a layer of fluoride, known as “sealed.”

Once produced the cavity, the only solution is the filling. Dentists call it “curettage.”

Can complicate?
Some toddlers have cavities in all teeth. This causes them problems when eating. In this way, they cost a lot to chew food.

They are called baby bottle tooth decay to those in the front incisors of an infant. In general, are caused by the habit of putting honey or sugar on a pacifier or by continually giving sweet drinks like juice.

The other complication is the abscess. In children, infection of the root of a tooth, usually causes a lump in the gum that is filled with pus and can be opened, known as fistula.

Can it be prevented?
Although babies are born without teeth, inside your gums are already a few small sketches of what will be their baby teeth. These will be stronger if the mother takes a fluoride supplement throughout pregnancy.

When the baby is born, we must remember that:

* Breastfeeding promotes a better development of the jaws and teeth bottles.

* There should accustom the baby to use pacifiers. Avoid it if the child does not show too much emphasis, “hobby” or dependency. As children settle down or even better! when they take in their arms, talk to them or serve. Remember that you should never put honey, sugar or condensed milk on the pacifier to soothe a crying baby. If you get used to the sweet, when your teeth appear cavities are formed quickly.

* Bottles night. Although during the first months of life, babies tend to eat often, including during the night, after they get teeth is recommended not to give bottles of dawn. The reason is that while falling asleep at once, the language does not move and no “clean” the teeth. Then there are remnants of milk (with or without grain) may begin to favor Cairo.

* Dental hygiene should start from which the first teeth. Parents can use a handkerchief or a wet gasita to clean the teeth of the baby until 15-18 months. After that age, your baby wants to imitate adults and have their own toothbrush. He knows not brushing properly, it is time to begin to guide your hand to learn. Before age 4 should not use toothpaste, because it is going to swallow. This should be done after every meal, but at least once a day, before putting the child to sleep.

* Do not start the baby in the consumption of sweets or sweet drinks between meals offer.

How useful are the medicines?
Fluoride is a substance important in preventing tooth decay. In many places, water use food is supplemented with fluoride.

You may take the mother during pregnancy, and later, the baby can do it in the form of drops or tablets (dose depends on age, but also that the tap water has enough of this mineral).

In an interview with El Universal, the specialist said that dental problems are a public health issue that has not been given due importance.

He acknowledged that unfortunately people associate dentists with pain, because when they come to clinics have severe decay problems often arising in tooth extractions.

“The outlook would be different if you go regularly to the dentist, because they detect problems early,” he said.

Cavities begin in childhood. “Children two years your teeth are pitted” he says.

He added, the majority of Mexicans over 60 years to reach that stage of his life without few teeth when they never should have fallen. But in rural and indigenous areas, said the specialist, the problem of tooth decay and gum disease is more serious.

“Between 25 and 30 years are people who no longer have teeth, that’s worrisome,” said the dentist who recalled that this is partly because there are no dentists in these regions that serve the population.

Most, evidenced, are in cities and few want to go to work in underserved areas of the country.

Hence, he stressed the importance of such schools as the Mexican Dental Association, which seeks through its members meet the demands of the population, besides providing information to people about the dentists there are in Mexico and which are certificates. This said, avoided the population to be served by charlatans who missed out a specialty.

Yesterday was opened on 28 National Congress and International Association for Dental Mexican Health Secretary Julio Frenk.

In his inaugural message, the official said it is under review Official Mexican Standard on the Prevention and Control of Oral Diseases.

For its part, Armando Hernández Ramírez, president of ADM, said that during this three-day Congress will be held 50 courses in operative dentistry and biomaterials surgery, and will be assisted by specialists from 16 countries.

Interviewed in his office, Leopoldo Becerra, who is driving the baby’s dental clinic, said that there are places where there is no drinking water, but soda and junk food.

For this, he said, the rate of caries in the population living in communities outside the cities is severe, which added to the lack of dentists results in loss of teeth until they become edentulous at very young ages.

How old we talking about?
Between 25 and 35 there are a lot of people edentulous, which is serious because a tooth should last for a lifetime.

The problem is so serious that the Federal District has established a dental prosthesis after 60 years of age.

And partly, he said, this is due to a lack of culture of prevention of teeth by parents.

For the member of the Mexican Dental Association, this is a public health problem, not only domestically but also globally, to the extent that the World Health Organization states among the first sites of dental disease followed by the flu.

In perspective, the problem starts from education. The 60 universities in the country, where graduate dentists are not taught to prevent cavities and gum problems, but to attack the disease.

The dentist Patricia Morales explains that a child usually has 20 teeth that are the primary teeth or milk teeth.

“It’s important to bring the child regularly. I would say that after three years if the child can, at least a visual examination to detect if your child has cavities, “said Morales.

In addition to making visual examination, Morales said, if the child is left, you can make a clean to get used to going to the dentist routinely.

A dental problem among children under 24 months is bottle caries. The cause is the bottle that parents give them at night.

“That child has sugar nightly bottle cause tooth decay and is quite aggressive,” said Morales.

The baby bottle tooth decay can be prevented by removing milk at night.

“The way to remove the bottle at night is to dilute the milk with a little water and diluting and diluting to give them only water,” he said.

Morales advised that children start to brush their teeth at least three to four times a day using fluoride toothpaste that does not have, if swallowed.

“When it comes out four to six little teeth mom can take a few wipes or no face towels with a pass in the teeth,” he said.

She added that it is important to try to pass the child to floss between the teeth and joints that children have a diet low in sugar.

“The juices are given in the WIC, juice they buy at the supermarket [is that] dilute because these juices have too much sugar and that is what causes tooth decay,” he said.

Morales spoke out against the consumption of soft drinks because it causes demineralization and decalcification of the tooth which is also the principle of decay.

“It is important that parents have a little curiosity, he opened the mouths of children and the review,” he said.

“If they see any spots, a large black spot, do not expect a child to grow much because the baby bottle tooth decay can be seen the loss of the first layer of enamel and teeth begin to see dark,” he said.

Elderly people have a broken tooth root, dental caries on the roots. Disabled children have caries. Watch yellowish brown spots on teeth are not cleaned after brushing and teeth sensitive to cold or hot drinks. These are signs of tooth decay.

Perception of pain starts from the conduction of electro-chemical power in the painful area to the brain.

Reaction to pain including the complex mechanism based on the status of age, gender, emotional and past experiences.

Over time, the edges of the filling can wear down or may loosen the seal surrounding enamel, leaving a very small space between the tooth and the filling. This condition may allow bacteria to enter and cause decay in the margins (edges) of the filling.

Bacteria can not be removed once enter that space. Often the damage is not because there are no symptoms until the decay reaches the nerve of the tooth. Poor dental hygiene or poor diet, gum recession or lack of saliva can contribute to tooth decay.

If no treatment is given to recurrent caries can progress from the enamel to the dental pulp, the living center of the tooth.

Barodontalgia is a phenomenon whereby a person experiences a toothache at the moment is at a height such as when flying or diving at a certain depth beneath the sea. This phenomenon has become known since World War II, where the crew were attacked by toothache during flight. However, this phenomenon was also found in the divers, and then note the pressure difference plays an important role in this incident.

Boyle’s law remember? At a certain temperature, the volume of gas varies inversely with pressure. Scuba diving is increasingly popular. When someone dive deeper into the seabed, the water pressure received greater diver, and the volume of gas in a closed body cavity is reduced, eg in the ear canal teeth and sinuses. When the diver to rise to the surface, reduced atmospheric pressure, the gas trapped in the teeth to expand and stimulate the nerve nosiseptor teeth, and causing pain.

Similarly, when in flight, air pressure decreases, and gas volume increases. The problem is dental hard tissues and can not expand / extend. If there was an increased volume of gas inside the cavity of the teeth, dental hard tissue does not participate expands to match the outside pressure, so that the gas pressure and stimulates the nerves of teeth. This happens at pulpitis teeth (caries in), which occur tooth decay by bacteria that produce gas. In addition the trapped gas can also be formed under the patch is not good / neat / experienced leaks, where there is air trapped between the tooth and filling material, or in filling root canals that are not hermetic. Abscesses and periapical cysts (in the root tip of tooth) is also often associated with barodontalgia. This phenomenon began to occur at an altitude of about 3000 m above sea level where air pressure of about 0.75 atmosphere, or at a depth of 10 m below the sea where the water pressure of about 1 atmosphere.

International Dental Federation suggested to the pilots and divers went to the dentist regularly. The most important is the maintenance of good oral hygiene, to avoid barodontalgia. Patients are also advised not to fly or dive for 24 hours after dental treatment requiring anesthesia or during the 7 days after dental surgery. Despite the relatively low prevalence barodontalgia incident, the dentist should not underestimate this phenomenon because it can cause potentially fatal for the patient. Dentists who accept a patient with suspicion barodontalgia should examine whether the restoration of existing tooth is still in good quality or have suffered damage / leakage. Dentists also need to conduct screening tests caries and percussion on the suspected dental and radiographic examination if necessary. The selection of materials to be used as a restoration are also important, as well as making the best possible restoration to avoid leaks / failure of restoration.

Dental Erosion
Dental erosion is an injury caused by the acids in the diet that causes irreversible loss of tooth tissue. At present this injury has increased by changes in diet and increased consumption of juices and soft drinks. The citric acid, phosphoric, maleic, and other content in frequently consumed beverages are responsible for this injury can be particularly destructive in children if ingested in juice bottle, for extended periods and near the hour of sleep.

According to scientific evidence, how often you eat can be critical in the process of erosion. At bedtime, a bottle should contain only water. Remember that to prevent tooth erosion, juices and soft drinks should not be administered frequently. Preferably drink them with meals. Prevention is implementing a set of knowledge, actions and attitudes as early as possible.

Caries
Dental caries is a controllable disease. To achieve control we need to consider the following preventive measures: oral hygiene to disrupt the bacteria and food stuck to the teeth, streamline intake of carbohydrates from which microbes produce acids that demineralizating tooth; use fluoride pasta and topics to increase tooth resistance to the action of acids and monitored periodically according to risk.